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Volume 7 ~ Issue 4

Research Article  open access
Experimental Investigation of a Household Refrigerator Using Evaporative-Cooled Condenser
Sreejith K.|| T.R. Sreesastha Ram || Rizwan || Sachin M.P.|| Krishnaprasad T.S. ||Swaroop M.P.|| Varkey F Thachil.
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 4

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to investigate experimentally the effect of Evaporative-cooled condenser in a household refrigerator. The experiment was done using HCF134a as the refrigerant. The performance of the household refrigerator with air-cooled and Evaporative-cooled condenser was compared for different load conditions. The results indicate that the refrigerator performance had improved when evaporative-cooled condenser was used instead of air-cooled condenser on all load conditions. Evaporative-cooled condenser reduced the energy consumption when compared with the air-cooled condenser. There was also an enhancement in coefficient of performance (COP) when evaporative-cooled condenser was used instead of air-cooled condenser. The Evaporative cooled heat exchanger was designed and the system was modified by retrofitting it, instead of the conventional air-cooled condenser by making drop wise condensation using water and forced circulation over the condenser. From the experimental analysis it is observed that the COP of evaporative cooled system increased by 13.44% compared to that of air cooled system. So the overall efficiency and refrigerating effect is increased. In minimum constructional, maintenance and running cost, the system is much useful for domestic purpose. This study also revealed that combining a evaporative cooled system along with conventional water cooled system under the condition that the defrost water obtained from the freezer is used for drop wise condensation over condenser and water cooled condensation of the condenser at the bottom using remaining defrost water would reduce the power consumption, work done and hence further increase in refrigerating effect of the system. The study has shown that such a system is technically feasible and economically viable.

KEY WORD: 165 litre domestic refrigerator, HCF134a, Evaporative-cooled condenser, experimental analysis, COP of refrigeration.


Research Article  open access
Comparison of Calorific Values of Various Fuels from Different Fuel Stations
Dr. A. Rajesh Kanna|| Akhil Chandran|| Anandu S Nair|| Arun R|| Jeffrey Jones Benedict
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 4

Abstract

Current research takes in to account of calorific value of various fuel (Diesel) available in the state of Telangana (India). The purpose of this experiment is to determine the heat of combustion for diesel and to learn basic bomb procedures. This experiment will be accomplished by using an adiabatic bomb calorimeter. The fuel sold by different company show different calorific value; by finding out the change in the calorific we can find out the high quality fuel available in the market. This research had covered the importance of calorific value of different fuel (diesel) with the help of a case study from Lords Institute of Engineering & Technology

KEY WORD: adulteration, crucible, calorimeter, guinea pigs.


Research Article  open access
Elastic Metamaterials Analysis: Simple and Double Resonators
G. S. Rodrigues || H. I. Weber
Brazil
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 4

Abstract

Metamaterials are broadly defined as a material with properties not found in nature,i.e, a typically man made material especially designed to achieve certain unusual properties. First applications of metamaterials were in field of electromagnetic waves and some features of these materials were negative permeativity and negative refraction index. Due to similarity with electromagnetic waves, mechanical waves propagation through metamaterials began to be studied and the concept of elastic metamaterials was created. The main property of elastic metamaterial is the negative dynamic effective mass where the wave propagation is blocked.It will be discussed two kinds of unit cell that compound the elastic metamaterial and how some changes in parameters affect the metamaterial negative effective mass.

KEY WORD: Double Resonator, Metamaterial, Negative Effective Mass,Single Resonator


Research Article  open access
Effects of Solid Contents and Various Additives in Drilling Fluids
Rajesh Kanna|| Nandhu M|| Jossy Joy|| Sreekuttan Vijayan|| Johnest P C
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

The project is done to study about the effects of solid contents and various additives in drilling fluids. The objectives of this project work were to determine the Viscosity & Density of Mud Additive (Barite BASO4 specific gravity :4.10 ~ 4.20), while STPP(sodium tri-polyphosphate Na5P3O10) is Viscosifier.The scope of this project is limited to Water based muds only.

KEY WORD: Bentonite, mud weight, mud viscosity, olefins, synthetic paraffins


Research Article  open access
Screening of Natural Compounds as Matrix Metalloproteinase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Drug Design for Diabetic Retinopathy
M.Syed Ali Fathima || R.V.Ramalakshmi || A.Santhanalakshmi || Sonagunalan
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a micro-vascular complication of diabetes and one of the leading causes of blindness. Two of the possible candidate PROTEINS contributing to the development of diabetic retinopathy are aldose reductase (AR) and Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2). In the current study plant derived medicinal compounds and chemical compounds are studied by Docking analysis that are carried out using Maestro (10.2) (Schrodinger suite).The screened compounds were found to possess good binding affinity with these proteins and hence are considered diabetic retinopathy inhibitors. In this study, Calebin, Isolated from curcuminoid Plant of turmeric (Curcuma longa) was found to have high Binding Affinity and was proved to be the naturally available novel inhibitor of Aldose reductase. Acarbose was found to have high Binding Affinity to the Matrix metalloproteinase-2 drug target.From this study it is concluded that these natural compounds were found to have good binding affinity with these target proteins and considered to be effective drug targets for treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

KEY WORD: Diabetic retinopathy, Aldose reductase, Matrix metalloproteinase, Schrodinger, Calebin, Acarbose..


Research Article  open access
Synthesis, Characterization And Computational Study of Some New 4,4'-(5,5'-(1,4-Phenylene)Bis(4,5-Dihydroisoxazole-5,3-Diyl))Bis(N-(4-Formylbenzylidene)Aniline Oxide) Derivatives
Abbas F. Abbas
Iraq
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

An efficient and practical synthesis of bis-aniline oxide ligands from 4,4'-(5,5'-(1,4-phenylene) bis(4,5-dihydroisoxazole-5,3-diyl))bis(N-(4-formylbenzylidene)aniline oxide with aniline derivatives in ethanol (abs.). The synthesized compounds were characterized by means of their IR- and NMR-spectral data, and elemental analysis. The structural and electronic properties of nine compounds have been investigated theoretically by performing semi-empirical molecular orbital theory at the level of PM3 of theory. The
optimized structures, relative binding energies, atomic charges, position of HOMO and LUMO of the molecules are obtained.

KEY WORD: nitrone, aniline oxide, isoxazole, heterocyclic, chalcone, di aldehyde derivatives


Research Article  open access
Effect of Free Water and Rust on Flash Point of Diesel
Rajesh Kanna|| Arunachaleshwara|| Sreeraj G Nair|| Cifin Francis|| Nishanth Bhakthan|| Alvin Kuruvila
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

Diesel is used as a fuel in many of the engines in commercial and industrial scale. Distractions encountered during the auto-ignition due to presence of water and rust in the engine or in the fuel are studied by measuring Flash point. There is increase in flash points due to presence of water, which shows free water drops are not good to present in diesel. Also this study helps to judge the quality of fuel from the bottom of the tank which is mostly having water drops and rust (solids).

KEY WORD: Auto Ignition, Combustible Fuel, Flash point, Filtration.


Research Article  open access
Oil, Water, Solid and Clay Content Determination in Various Concentration and Quality of Bentonite
Rauf Rahim|| Sanu Salam || Favas A || Vishnu Lal M|| B Jyothi || Rajesh Kanna
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

Drilling is a single important aspect of oil and gas sector for without drilling, there is no access to the natural resources available below the earth crust. Drilling process should be conducted safely least cost and minimum or no damage to the environment. One of the important materials used in drilling is the drilling fluids commonly call drilling mud. Design and production of this drilling fluid becomes utmost important because of its role in drilling. In this case, industry in this sector adjust the properties of the drilling fluid with the aid of the right types of additives which are also imported to suit the formation requirements of the area to be drilled. This investigation often explains poor mud system performance and indicates whether the mud needs to be conditioned by adding water, treating it with a chemical thinner, or removing a particular contaminant. The idea behind the current work is to determining the oil, water, solid and clay content in drilling mud using additives as STTP (sodium tri-polyphosphate) Na5P3O10, starch and base as bentonite, barite, and distilled water.

KEY WORD: Additives, Bio diesel, Drilling, Mud, Oil, Petroleum


Research Article  open access
Development and Application of a Failure Monitoring System by Using the Vibration and Location Information of Balises in Railway Signaling
Veysel Gökdemir
Turkey
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 1

Abstract

In this project, a failure monitoring system is developed by using the vibration and location information of balises in railway signaling. A lot of field equipment in railway are loosening and broken in time period so that they need maintenance due to the vibrations that occur due to high speed trains traffic and railway vehicles impact. Among the field equipment, balises have very important role of communication in terms of transmitting information to trains. In this scope, it is aimed to make maintenance works more efficient, have no delayed trains, detect previously failure location and intervene in failure timely, by detecting and controlling balise cases such as loosening, out of place and the data consistency error that happens because of balise physical state. In this project, the communication is provided with I2C, Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) and RS485 standards by using Arduino Uno cards and MPU6050 IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensors in laboratory. Each used sensors are in slave mode and computer interface designed with C# is in master mode. Fault situations in the system are checked instant by the interface. (it is assumed to mount the IMU sensor and the Arduino circuit on the balise) it is seen that the interface responds to the sensor movements instant and the system works well in the end of test processes.

KEY WORD: Accelerometer, balise, C# interface, gyroscope, Modbus RTU, RS485, railway signaling.


Research Article  open access
Application of Kennelly'model of Running Performances to Elite Endurance Runners.
Vandewalle Henry, Md, Phd
France
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 1

Abstract

The model of Kennelly between distance (Dlim) and exhaustion time (tlim) has been applied to the individual performances of 19 elite endurance runners (World-record holders and Olympic winners) from P. Nurmi (1920-1924) to M. Farah (2012) whose individual best performances on several different distances are known. Kennelly's model (Dlim = k tlim) can describe the individual performances of elite runners with a high accuracy (errors lower than 2 %). There is a linear relationship between parameters k and exponents  of the elite runners and the extreme values correspond to S. Coe (k = 15.8;  = 0.851) and E. Zatopek (k = 6.57; = 0.984). Exponent  can be considered as a dimensionless index of aerobic endurance which is close to 1 in the best endurance runners. If it is assumed than maximal aerobic speed can be maintained 7 min in elite endurance runners, exponent  is equal to the normalized critical speed (critical speed/maximal aerobic speed) computed from exhaustion times equal to 3 and 12.5 min in these runners..

KEY WORD: ...


Research Article  open access
Evaluation of Damage by the Reliability of the Traction Test on Polymer Test Pieces
Amal Lamarti || Abdelilah Hachim || El Had Khalid || Mohammed Elghorba
Morocco
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 1

Abstract

In recent decades, polymers have undergone a remarkable historical development and their use has been greatly imposed by gradually dethroning most of the secular materials. These polymer materials have always distinguished themselves by their simple shaping and inexpensive price, their versatility, lightness, and chemical stability but despite their massive use in everyday life as well as in advanced technologies. Generally, these materials still not understood which requires a thorough knowledge of their chemical, physical, rheological and mechanical properties. This paper, we study the mechanical behavior of an amorphous polymer: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene "ABS" by means of uniaxial tensile testing on pierced test pieces with different notch lengths ranging between 1 to 14mm.The proposed approach consists in analyzing the evolution of the global geometry of the obtained strain curves by taking into account the zones and characteristic points of these curves as well as the effect of the damage on the mechanical behavior of the polymer ABS, in order to visualize the evolution of the damage by a static model.

KEY WORD: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ABS, damage, Polymer test pieces, sudden rupture, tensile testing.


Research Article  open access
Crystallization of L-Glutamic Acid: Mechanism of Heterogeneous β -Form Nucleation
Khuu Chau Quang|| Dang Truong Giang|| Trinh Thi Thanh Huyen|| Nguyen Anh Tuan
Vietnam
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 1

Abstract

The mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation of β-form L-glutamic acid was deeply investigated in cooling crystallization. The present study found that the β-form crystals were epitaxially grown on the α-form crystals and they were preferably crystallized on the (011) and (001) surfaces instead of the (111) surfaces of α-form crystals. This result was explained via the molecular simulation. The molecular simulation indicated that the different surfaces of α-form crystals provided different functional groups, resulting in different sites for the heterogeneous nucleation of β-form crystals. Here, the functional group were COO-, C=O and O-H on the (011) and (001) surfaces of α-form crystals, respectively, while it was the NH3+ on the (111) surfaces of α-form crystals. As such, the degree of lattice matching (E) between the β-form crystals and the various surfaces of α-form crystal was distinguished, where the degree of lattice matching (E) between the β-form crystals and the (011), (001) and (111) surfaces of α-form crystal were estimated as 5.30, 5.25 and 2.39, respectively, implying that the (011) and (001) surfaces of α-form crystal were more favorable to generate the heterogeneous nucleation of β-form crystals than the (111) surfaces of α-form crystal.

KEY WORD: crystallization, crystallography, crystal growth, nucleation, polymorphism


Research Article  open access
A Study of Automated Decision Making Systems
Dr. (Mrs). Ananthi Sheshasaayee || Bhargavi.K
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 1

Abstract

The decision making process of many operations are dependent on analysing very large data sets, previous decisions and their results. The information generated from the large data sets are used as an input for making decisions. Since the decisions to be taken in day to day operations are expanding, the time taken for manual decision making is also expanding. In order to reduce the time, cost and to increase the efficiency and accuracy, which are the most important things for customer satisfaction, many organisations are adopting the automated decision making systems. This paper is about the technologies used for automated decision making systems and the areas in which automated decisions systems works more efficiently and accurately.

KEY WORD: automated decision making, decision making technologies.


Research Article  open access
Comparative Study of the Quality of Life, Quality of Work Life and Organisational Climate Instruments
MSc. Rudy de Barros Ahrens || MSc. Renata Klafke || Prof. Dr. Luciana da Silva Lirani || Prof. Dr. Luiz Alberto Pilatti || Prof. Dr. Antonio Carlos de Francisco
Brazil
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 1

Abstract

People's lives are increasingly centred on work; they spend at least one-third of their time within the organisations that employ them. Investigating the factors that interfere with employees' well-being and the organisational environment is becoming an increasing concern in organisations. This article identifies the criteria of the quality of life (QoL), quality of working life (QWL) and organisational climate instruments to point out their similarities. For bibliographic construction and data research, articles were sought in national and international journals, books and dissertations/articles in SciELO, Science Direct, Medline and Pub Med databases. The results show direct relationships amongst QoL, QWL and organisational climate instruments. The relationship between QoL and QWL instruments is based on fair compensation, social interaction, organisational communication, working conditions and functional capacity. QWL and organisational climate instruments are related through social interaction and interfaces. QoL and organisational climate instruments are related based on social interaction, organisational communication, and work conditions.

KEY WORD: Employee Involvement; HR Management; Job Satisfaction; Evaluation.


Research Article  open access
Additional Conservation Laws for Two-Velocity Hydrodynamics Equations with the Same Pressure in Components
Nasrutdin Dilmuradov || Abdulkhamid Kholmurodov
Uzbekistan
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 1

Abstract

A series of the differential identities connecting velocities, pressure and body force in the twovelocity
hydrodynamics equations with equilibrium of pressure phases in reversible hydrodynamic
approximation is obtaned.

KEY WORD:conservation laws, two-velocity hydrodynamics, mathematical model, multicomponent media,
vector fields.


Research Article  open access
Copper Strip Corrossion Test in Various Aviation Fuels
Dr. A. Rajesh Kanna|| Rauf Rahim|| Sanu Salam|| A Favas|| L M Vishnu
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 7 ~ Issue 1

Abstract

This research work takes in to account of corrosiveness test on various aviation fuels in the state of Telengana (India). The purpose of this experiment is to determine the corrosiveness test of fuels. This determination will be accomplished by using copper strip corrosion test by using the copper strip experiment we can determine the corrosive property of the fuel and hence the efficiency of fuel. The research covers the importance of knowing the corrosive property of different petroleum fuels including aviation turbine fuel.

KEY WORD: Aviation Turbine Fuel, Superior Kerosene Oil, Petroleum