Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present some new common fixed point theorem in fuzzy metric spaces for occasionally weakly compatible mappings with integral type inequality by reducing its minimum value.

Keywords: Fuzzy metric space, occasionally weakly compatible (owc) mappings, common fixed point.

This project is presented by a soft-switching techniques interleaved buck converter. And it's having order to guarantee small switching losses and, consequently, a high efficiency, a non-dissipative soft-switching cell with auxiliary commutation circuit is used. But in this topology we expected a large step up voltage, low switching stress, small switching losses, and high efficiency. Because of that we proposed IBC that since the voltage stress across all the active switches is half of the input voltage before turn-on or after turn-off when the operating duty is below 50%, the capacitive discharging and switching losses can be reduced considerably. This allows the proposed IBC to have higher efficiency and operate with higher switching frequency. In that additionally, the proposed IBC has a higher step-down conversion ratio and a smaller output current ripple compared with a conventional IBC. The features, operation principles, and relevant analysis results of the proposed IBC are presented in this project. The validity of this study is confirmed by the experimental results of prototype converters with 150–200 V input, 24 V/10 A output.

Key words—Buck converter, interleaved, low switching loss

Mulberry is cultivated by farmers for its leaves, the sole food for silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) for commercial production of raw silk in Sericulture Industry. As mulberry is a perennial crop can be maintained for several years in the field, selection of suitable land and follow-up of recommended package of practices are inevitable for maintenance of potential productivity of the variety selected for cultivation. As the quality of mulberry leaves alone contributes about 38.2% for the success of silkworm cocoon crop, quality linked leaf productivity of mulberry leaves can be achieved through adequate supply of all required input into soil. Phosphorus is one of the important macronutrient required in larger quantity next to Nitrogen for mulberry. In order to reduce the high cost involved towards nitrogenous chemical fertilizers and to maintain the soil health in an eco-friendly way Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) approach in agriculture sector became popular and the same has been followed in mulberry cultivation as well in recent years. Use of different kinds of microbial inoculants as bio-fertilizer to fix atmospheric nitrogen in mulberry garden brought improvements in soil health maintenance and helps to reduce nitrogenous chemical fertilizer requirements and expenditure to farmers considerably without affecting the quality linked productivity...

Keywords: Mulberry leaf, AMF; bio-fertilizer, eco-friendly soil health, potential productivity.

Guided missiles are space-vehicles carrying war-heads. Three attitudes- the roll, pitch and yaw have to be continuously controlled in a space flight. This is done by using automatic control systems. The design procedure for roll attitude control of a guided missile is the subject of the paper. This is extremely important for following proper trajectory and hitting the target. Two designs have been advanced. In the first design, there is no constraint on velocity error. The design has been optimized by simultaneous variation of forward path gain and the rate feedback. In the second design, the velocity error has been specified. It has been optimized by simultaneous variation of the rate feedback and the parameters of a lead compensator.

Keywords - Rocket, Guided missile, Roll attitude control, Overshoot, Phase margin, Gain margin

The aim of this paper is to present an application of genetic algorithms in finding the single variable functions' maxima, which is being tested on complex, multi-modal, non-differentiable and not continues functions. Genetic algorithm using binary presentation of solutions, ranking selection and elitist selection, as well as one point crossover and mutation for each bit, in fact concludes that if the function has only a maximum all strings will converge to that value, but if the function is sufficient complex could not be located a maximum in a reasonable number of generations, but can find a value that is good enough.

Keywords - Genetic algorithms, maxima, multimodal function, solution, stochastic sampling

This research study focuses on the analytical evaluation of magneto-rheological (MR) dampers for enhanced occupant protection during vertical crash landings of a helicopter. The current state-of-the-art helicopter crew seat has passive safety mechanisms that are highly limited in their capability to optimally adapt to each type of crash scenario due to variations in both occupant weight and crash severity level. While passive crash energy absorbers work well for a single design condition (50th percentile male occupant and fixed crash severity level), they do not offer adequate protection across a broad spectrum of crash conditions by minimizing the load transmitted to the occupant. This study reports the development of a lumped-parameter human body model including lower leg in a seated posture for rotorcraft crash injury simulation. For implementing control, a control algorithm was made to work with the multi-body dynamic model by running co-simulation. The injury criteria and tolerance levels for the biomechanical effects are discussed for each of the identified vulnerable body regions, such as the thoracic lumbar loads for different sized adults. The desired objective of this analytical model development is to develop a tool to study the performance of adaptive semi-active magnetorheological seat suspensions for rotorcraft occupant protection.

Keywords - Rotorcraft crash safety, seat energy absorber, magnetorheological energy absorber, crash injury evaluation.

Two factors that provide a quantitative measure of the power quality in an electrical system are Power Factor and Total Harmonic Distortion. The amount of useful power being consumed by an electrical system is predominantly decided by the PF of the system. Benefits from improvement of Power Factor include Lower energy and distribution costs, reduced losses in the electrical system during distribution, better voltage regulation and increased capacity to serve power requirements. This Paper presents a Power factor correction for a Wind generation system. As we know that where ever there is power conversion there is power factor problem. As wind energy system consists of rectifier and Inverter there is a Power Factor problem also. The rectifier used in this topology is a Boost type of Rectifier. For extracting maximum power from the wind system,
MPPT algorithm is also used in this system. The proposed system has High Power Factor, Low Harmonic Distortion. The wind generator is used as the main power source and lead-acid batteries as the auxiliary power source. The proposed system adopts power factor correction to achieve unit power factor and Maximum Power Point Tracking to implement available maximum power, thus to improve the overall system performance. In addition, the bidirectional converter provides charging and discharging compensation to dc bus by controlling the duty cycle of switches

Keywords -wind generator; bi-directional dc/dc converter; the maximum power point tracking; three-phase
power factor correction..

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices are used to control flow of power in the transmission line to relieve congestion and limit loop flows. Due to, high cost and reliability concerns the widespread deployment of FACTS solutions have been limited. The concept of Distributed FACTS (D FACTS) devices, as an alternative approach to realizing cost effective power flow control, has been proposed by different researchers. This paper discusses design of a novel Distributed FACTS controller based on two halfbridge inverter combined as an alternative approach to realize cost effective power flow control. The cost of DFACTS controller based on combined two half-bridge is lower than recently D-FACTS controllers mentioned in literature. Simulation using PSCAD/EMTDC has been performed for conventional controllers and the proposed
controller and the result are compared with respect to each other.

Keywords - FACTS, Distributed FACTS, DSSC, Combined two half-bridge.

Renewable energy sources (RES) place main role in present days to generate power. The Switched Boost Inverter is a single stage dc-ac power converter, whose output voltage can be either greater or less than its input dc voltage. This converter can supply both dc and ac loads, simultaneously, which makes it suitable for micro grid applications. Also, this converter allows shoot-through of the inverter legs without causing any damage to the converter. In this paper, the principle of operation of the Switched Boost Inverter is explained in detail and the expression for its conversion ratio is derived. Also, a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control strategy for the Switched Boost Inverter is formulated and implemented using a simple analog circuit. The harmonics spectrum of the inverter's output voltage with the proposed PWM technique is plotted and compared with that of a traditional voltage source inverter (VSI). Z-Source inverters have recently been proposed as an alternative power conversion concept as they have both voltage buck and boost capabilities. These inverters use a unique impedance network, coupled between the power source and converter circuit, to provide both voltage buck and boost properties, which cannot be achieved with conventional voltage-source and current-source inverters. Fuzzy controller is the best controller compare to PI controller and fuzzy controller is fast response and steady state response time also very less compare with PI controller that reason we use PI replace with fuzzy controller. In this work PV as the input source and the PI placed with fuzzy controller in switched boost inverter is applied to a Microgrid system. The simulations results are obtained by MATLAB/SIMULINK software.

Keywords - Renewable energy sources (RES), Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), voltage source inverter (VSI), Switched Boost Inverter, Photovoltaic (PV) system, PI controller and fuzzy controller..

"multilevel converter" has drawn tremendous interest in the power industry. The general structure of the multilevel converter is to synthesize a sinusoidal voltage from several levels of voltages, Multilevel voltage source converters are emerging as a new breed of power converter options for high power applications, These converter topologies can generate high-quality voltage waveforms with power semiconductor switches operating at a frequency near the fundamental. Among the available multilevel converter topologies, the cascaded multilevel converter constitutes a promising alternative, providing a modular design that can be extended to allow a transformer less connection. A new control strategy is proposed in this paper with focus on dc voltage regulation.Clustered balancing control is realized by injecting a zero-sequence current to the delta-loop, while individual voltage control is achieved by adjusting the fundamental content of ac quasi-square-waveform voltage of high-voltage converter.

Keywords - Cascade H-bridge, dc voltage control, hybrid multilevel,static synchronous compensator (STATCOM).