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Introducing resonant inductance and clamping diodes into the full-bridge converter can eliminate the voltage oscillation across the rectifier diodes and increase the load range for zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) achievement. The resonant inductance is shorted and its current keeps constant when the clamping diode is conducting, and the clamping diode is hard turned-off, causing significant reverse recovery loss if the output filter inductance is relatively larger. This paper improves the full-bridge converter by introducing a reset winding in series with the resonant inductance to make the clamping diode current decay rapidly when it conducts. The reset winding not only reduces the conduction losses, but also makes the clamping diodes naturally turn-off and avoids the reverse recovery. As the diodes are turn off naturally and reverse recovery voltage is avoided the distortions caused in the output voltage is removed to a maximum extend by varying the turns ratio of the transformer the energy stored in the reset winding is also increased by which the inductor value of the snubber circuit to turn off the clamping diodes also increases, which results in reductions in the distortions of the output voltage. The operation principle of the proposed converter is analyzed. The design of the turns ratio of transformer is discussed. A 1 kW prototype converter is built to verify the operation principle and the experimental results are also demonstrated.
[1] X. Ruan and Y. Yan, "Soft-switching techniques for pwm full bridge converters," in Proc. IEEE Power Electron. Spec. Conf. (PESC'00), 2000, pp. 634–639.
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[5] M. Xu, Y. Ren, J. Zhou, and F. C. Lee, "1-Mhz self-driven zvs fullbridge converter for 48-V power pod and dc–dc brick," IEEE TransPower Electron., vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 997–1006, Sep. 2005.
[6] B. P. McGrath, D. G. Holmes, P. J. McGoldrick, and A. D. McIve, "Design of a soft-switched 6-kW battery charger for traction applications," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 1136–1144, Jul. 2007.
[7] J. G. Cho, J. A. Sabate, G. C. Hua, and F. C. Lee, "Zero-voltage and zero-current-witching full-bridge pwm converter for high power applications," in Proc. IEEE Power Electron. Spec. Conf. (PESC'94), 1994, pp. 102–108.
[8] X. Ruan and Y. Yan, "A novel zero-voltage and zero-current-switching pwm full bridge converters using two diodes in series with the lagging leg," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 777–785, Aug. 2001.
[9] H. Choi, J. Kim, and B. Cho, "Novel zero-voltage and zero-currentswitching (zvzcs) full-bridge pwm converter using coupled output inductor," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 286–291, Sep.2002.
[10] T. Song and N. Huang, "A novel zero-voltage and zero-current-switching full-bridge pwm converter," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 286–291, Mar. 2005
Optimization is the process of finding the conditions that give a maximum or minimum value
of a function without violating the constraints. The objective functions used in engineering optimization are
complex in nature and has many variables and constraints. Conventional optimization tools sometimes fail to
give global optima point. Genetic algorithm, Pattern search, simulated annealing, Gradient Search etc. are very
popular and useful methods to find global minima related to engineering problems.In this paper an attempt has
been made to optimize an objective function related to engineering field having two variables subject to certain
constraints.Two methods has been used i.e., Pattern search and simulated annealing and finally comparative
view has been highlighted to reach the conclusion with the help of a case study.
Keywords –comparative view, Genetic algorithm (GA), Optimization, Pattern search (PS),
[2] Kambo N.S., Mathematical Programming Techniques , Revised Edition,1991,1984, Affiliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd. New
Delhi – 110 001, ISBN 81-85336-47-4.
[3] Kalyanmoy Deb, Optimization for engineering design, PHI Pvt. Ltd. 1998.
[4] David E.Goldberg, Genetic Algorithms in search, Optimization and Machine Learning, Pearson Education, South Asia, Sixth
Impression,2011,ISBN 978-81-775-8829-3.
[5] Bansal R K,Goel A,K,Sharma M.K - MATLAB and its application in engineering, First Impression, Pearson Education in South
Asia, ISBN 978-81-317-1681-6, New Delhi – 110 001.
[6] Rajasekaran S, Vijayalakshmi Pai G.A, Neural Network, Fuzzy Logic, Genetic Algorithms- Synthesis and Application, Fourth
edition , ISBN 81-203-2186-3, PHI Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi – 110 001
This artifact suggests numerous enhancements to an adaptive fingerprint enrichment technique that is based on circumstantial filtering. The tenure adaptive infers that limitations of the technique are spontaneously familiar based on the participation fingerprint twin. Five dispensation blocks comprise the adaptive fingerprint enhancement method, where four of these blocks are updated in our proposed system. Hence, the proposed overall system is novel. The four updated processing blocks are: 1) preprocessing; 2) universal probe; 3) ethnic inquiry; and 4) coherent filtering. In the preprocessing and resident scrutiny blocks, a nonlinear energetic range adjustment method is used. In the global analysis and matched filtering blocks, different forms of order statistical filters are pragmatic. These dispensation blocks yield an improved and new adaptive fingerprint twin processing method. The performance of the efficient processing blocks is presented in the evaluation part of this paper. The procedure is evaluated toward the NIST developed NBIS software for fingerprint gratitude on databases
[2] L. O'Gorman and J. V. Nickerson, "Matched filter design for fingerprint twin enhancement," in Proc. Int. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. vol. 2. Apr. 1988, pp. 916–919.
[3] L. O'Gorman and J. Nickerson, "An approach to fingerprint filter design," Pattern Recognit., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 29–38, 1989.
[4] L. Hong, Y. Wan, and A. Jain, "Fingerprint twin enhancement: Algorithm and performance evaluation," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 777–790, Aug. 1998.
[5] B. G. Sherlock, D. M. Monro, and K. Millard, "Fingerprint enhancement by directional Fourier filtering," IEE Proc.-Vis., Twin Signal Process.,vol. 141, no. 2, pp. 87–94, Apr. 1994.
The overall subject of this paper is the frequent failure analysis of output shaft of gear motor used for cold rolling mill to drive the Pay-off Four-HI (Horizontally inserted). One end of that shaft is connected to the claw coupling to the drive of the Pay-off four-HI .By considering the drive system forces and torque acting on the output shaft are determine using which the stresses occurring at the failure section are calculated . Stresses analysis is also carried out with analytical method and comparing these results with the software results that is done using the ANSYS software after getting all the different parameter redesign of shaft is done and again analyzing the shaft using ANSYS and hope that shaft may torsional Rigid.
KEYWORDS :Software, Failure analysis, Gear motor, Pay-OFF Four-HI, Shaft Design,
[2] M.A.K. Chowdhuri , R.A. Hossain "Design Analysis of an Automotive Composite Drive Shaft "International Journal of Engineering and Technology Vol.2(2), 2010, 45-48
[3] NICHOLAS and J.R. ZUIKER T. NICHOLAS and J.R. ZUIKER "On the use of the Goodman diagram for high cycle fatigue design", International Journal of Fracture 80: 219-235, 1996
[4] M. Ristivojevic, R. Mitrovic, T. Lazovic ,"Investigation of causes of fan shaft failure ",Engineering Failure Analysis , (2010) 1188–1194
[5] Saleh A. Al-Fozan, Anees U. Malik and Mohammad Al-Hajri , "FAILURE ANALYSIS OF SHEARED SHAFT OF A BRINE RECYCLE PUMP".
[6] Amol Bagate1, V.S.Aher2 ,"AXLE SHAFT TORSIONAL FATIGUE LIFE EXPECTANCY ". Proceedings of the NCNTE-2012, Third Biennial National Conference on Nascent Technologies Fr. C. Rodrigues Institute of Technology, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Feb 24-25, 2012
[7] Stuart H. Loewenthal "Design of Power Transmitting Shafts"
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[8] Sandip Bhattacharyya a,*, A. Banerjee a, I. Chakrabarti a, S.K.
Bhaumik , "Failure analysis of an input shaft of skip drive gearbox" Engineering Failure Analysis 15 (2008) 411–419
[9] R.S. Khurmi and J.k . Gupta , A book on "Machine Design
Optimization of the cost of energy in the production of local alcoholic beverage (Burukutu) in the sub Sahara region of Nigeria was carried out with the view conserving energy and maximizing profit. Data were obtained from six commercially viable Burukutu producing local government areas in Benue State of Nigeria. Minimization linear programming simplex method was used in evaluating cost of energy used in the production of the local beverage using TORA software and simplex algorithm written in visual basic language allocation to constraint with a view to reducing wastages and setting allocation limits within the available scarce energy resources in the study area. The optimal solutions were obtained after eleven iterations. It was observed that the minimum (optimal) value of energy required for production of Burukutu was 8.6MJ per 160.53 kg of Burukutu produced. Total observed thermal and liquid fuel energy was 3096.39MJ. Total reduction in the two energies was 3086.33MJ, resulting to 99.7%. The optimal value for the cost (minimum) was N5540.47, yielding a cost reduction of 67%. The result obtained in this work could form working tool for the Burukutu producers .
KEYWORDS: Cost, energy, drink, local beverage (Burukutu), optimization, sahara
[2] Jekayinfa, S. O. and Olajide, J.O. Analysis of energy usage in the production of
[3] three selected cassava-based foods in Nigeria. Journal of Food Engineering. 2007, 82 217 -226. Available on line > www.elsevier.com/locate/jfoodeng
[4] Rao, S. S. Engineering Optimization Theory and Practice, 4th Editon. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2009, pp. 1-6,119-120.
[5] Mrini, M., Senhaji, F. and Pimentel, D. (2002). Energy analysis of sugar beet production under traditional and intensive farming systems and impacts on sustainable agriculture in Morroco. J. of Sustainable Agriculture, 20 (4), 5 - 28.
[6] Palaniappan, C. and Subramanian, S. V. A study and analysis of energy consumption patterns in tea factories of South India for energy conservation solutions. Journal of Agric. Mech. In Asia, Africa and Latin America. 1998, 29(2): 12-16.
[7] Taha, H. A. An Introduction to Operation Research. Eight edition, Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, News Jersey, 2007, pp.11-73, 81-146.
[8] Hillier, F.A. and Liberman G. H. Introduction to Operation Research, 7th Edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., New York, 2001, pp. 25-36, 576-616.
Circular annular cutters with uniform radial cracks are extensively used in the cutting processes. Unwanted noise, vibration & accidental failure associated with the cutting process have become an important economic and technological problem in the industry. The knowledge of natural frequencies of components is of great interest in the study of response of structures to various excitations. Hence, it is important to study a circular plate cutter with central hole, which fixed at inner edge and free at outer edge with its dynamic response. In this study some efforts are taken for analyzing vibration characteristics of annular disk cutter. From the experimentation and validation of results, it is found that this study is needful for design data preparation. Secondarily, modal analysis is one of the better tools for finding vibration characteristics for such components.
KEYWORDS : cutters, noise, vibration, accidental failure, vibration characteristics
[2] D.V. Bambill, S. La. Malfa, C. A. Rossit, P. A. A. Laura, "Analytical and Experimental investigation on transverse vibration of solid, circular and Annular plates carrying a concentrated mass at an arbitrary position with Marine applications", Journal of ocean Engineering, vol31, pp127-138.
[3] J. C. Bae and J. A. Wickert, "free vibration of coupled disk-hat Structures", Journal of sound and vibration, 2000, 235(1), 117-132.
[4] Vogel S. M. & Skinner D.W., "Natural Frequencies of Transversely Vibrating Annular Plates", Journal of Applied Mechanics, December, 1965, 926–931.
[5] K. Ramesh, D. P. S. Chauhan and A.K. Mallik , , "Free vibration of annular plate with periodic radial cracks", Journal of sound and vibration, 1997,206(2)266- 274.
[6] M. J. Fagan, finite element analysis-theory and practice (Longman Scientific and technical)
[7] U. S. Dixit, finite element method for engineers (Cengage learning 2002)
In the recent past, there has been an increase in the trend to integrate technology into education in an attempt to enhance and improve traditional teaching methodology. A great deal of research has already been done to prove the usefulness of e-learning and m-learning in both secondary and higher education environment. Several countries including but not limited to United States (US) and New Zealand (NZ) have already implemented e-learning systems in K-12 educational institutions. Following the trend, countries in Arabian Gulf including United Arab Emirates (UAE) are moving towards e-learning and m-learning as an initiative to cope with the latest technology and pedagogy trends of the developed nations. The intention of this study is to identify the challenges and issues in implementation of tablets for e-learning in a K-12 education environment and explores the benefits resulting if this system is implemented successfully from UAE's perspective. For this study, several issues prevailing in a private school in UAE for the implementation of e-learning using tablets have been identified and expected benefits after the successful implementation of the system are being discussed through empirical evidence and discussion with the school's administration, teachers and information technology (IT) staff.
KEYWORDS : e-learning, k-12 education, m-learning, tablets in education, UAE Education
[1] Ali, S. M. (2013). Challenges and security issues in future IT infrastructure components. International Journal of Computers & Technology, 8(2), 845-847.
[2] Qureshi, I. A., Ilyas, K., Yasmin, R., & Whitty, M. (2012). Challenges of implementing e-learning in a Pakistani university. Knowledge Management & E-Learning: An International Journal (KM&EL), 4(3), 310-324.
[3] Michau, F., Gentil, S., & Barrault, M. (2001). Expected benefits of web-based learning for engineering education: examples in control engineering. European Journal of Engineering Education, 26(2), 151-168.
[4] Concannon, F., Flynn, A., & Campbell, M. (2005). What campus-based students think about the quality and benefits of e-learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 36(2), 501–512.
[5] Awwad, F., Ayesh, A., & Awwad, S. (2013). Effectiveness of laptop usage in UAE university undergraduate teaching, The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 12(2).
