Masonry structure is the oldest and popular mode of construction technology all over the world. During the seismic events, masonry buildings have shown their high vulnerability, RC frame elements have been introduced to improvement from seismic behavior, which transforms the original masonry into a combined RC-masonry structure. Since the 20th century in European, Mediterranean, southern American, and Asian countries including Nepal, combined RC-Masonry buildings have become more common. The hybrid structure suffered huge damage in major rural areas during the Gorkha earthquake.........

KEY WORD: RC-Masonry Hybrid Structure, Discontinuity of Structural System, Seismic Analysis.

In various equipment present in our daily lives, whether in domestic or industrial environments, it is of paramount importance that efficient heat exchanges occur between the working fluid (WF) and the refrigerant so that the thermal cycle concludes and we achieve the expected result of this equipment. In this context, heat exchangers are widely used, since they employ mechanisms of exchange through convection and conduction, without the need for direct contact between fluids, thus allowing the removal of heat from the WF. Among the various types of heat exchangers, compact ones stand out due to their uniqueness in providing a high rate of heat transfer in a small volume.....

KEY WORD: Compact heat exchanger, Computacional Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Heat transfer.

This work presents a proposal to relate the melt flow index with rheological parameters such as apparent viscosity, taking into account its dependence on the shear rate. The results obtained for polypropylene, which is pseudoplastic, proved that the proposed model is adequate, accurately fitting the experimental data.

KEY WORD: Melt flow index, Apparent viscosity, Pseudoplastic polymers, Volumetric flow rate.

The aim of the study is to identify the employees perceptions in manufacturing and industrial companies on green environmental dimensions The respondents in this study are the employees' from various manufacturing companies in Johor Bahru city centre, Johor state of Malaysia. This study employed the survey method by using a questionnaire to the focused group that consists of 250 respondents at the managerial and operational level in manufacturing and industrial companies. The green environmental dimensions of that was determined in this study are sustainable transportation, sustainable procurement, eco-labeling and sustainable marketing.. Results showed that the highest total average score is 57 percent agreement on eco-labeling dimensions, followed by sustainable marketing dimension with 56 percent agreement. The results suggest that the manufacturing and industrial companies at Johor Bahru city centre, Johor state of Malaysia specifically did appropriate practices on green environmental dimensions to enhance the environmental sustainability and efficiency on their business operations.

KEY WORD: Sustainable transportation, sustainable procurement, eco –labeling, sustainable marketing.

Driver fatigue is a major exogenous cause of fatal road accidents and has implications for Malaysian road safety. The major aspect that causes human errors is fatigue/drowsiness due to task-induced factors or attitude/behavior of the driver. Therefore, it is necessary to identify significant index to detect driver fatigue and associate that index with the level of alertness, for road safety and for use by regulatory bodies. This can be carried out by observing the physiological behavior through the Event-related potentials (ERPs) and electroencephalography (EEG) measures. ERP's are very small voltage potentials that examine the information processing and characterize the brain structures in response to specific events or stimuli. Studies have shown EEG changes that are time-locked to sensory, cognitive or motor events.............

KEY WORD: Driver fatigue, electroencephalography (EEG), event-related potential (ERP), multilayer neural network (MLNN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy (ANF).

Batik isavisualartthatintegraltothe culturalidentity as wellas illustrates the life values uponwhichthelifeofcommunityislaid.Itusesatechniqueofwaxresistdyeingappliedtowholecloth.Thisresearchaimsto.................

KEY WORD: .......................

In this paper, we consider an extension of perturbations to semi-Markov control problems. We then study process perturbations in which the instants between transitions are random variables. The discounted semi-Markov control problem and the limiting average semi-Markov control problem are considered. We proceed to a perturbation on the law transition probabilities and the discounted factor. For this, we consider the particular case where the transition time of the original semi-Markov process is a random variable that follows an exponential law.

KEY WORD: Semi-Markov decision problem, discounted expected criterion, limiting average criterion, perturbation, discounted factor.

Energy Payback Time (EPBT) of all electrodeposited (all-ED) solar cells are compared to various other solar cells made by leading solar module technologies. They are m:Si, p:Si, CIGS and CdTe solar modules. The EPBT of solar cells provides an alternative way to compare the environmental impact due to the production of the solar modules. Energy gone to produce all-ED solar cells at various stages are presented and the application of ISO50002 to reduce the energy consumption while maintaining the fabrication steps for the optimum efficiencies. Current leading EPBT solar modules are manufactured by using partial electrodeposition. The study of solar cells are produced by all-ED have an estimated EPBT of approximately 2.5 years. With the application of an energy audit and subsequent optimization of the process, the EPBT was lowered to 1.6 years.

KEY WORD: Efficiency,electrodeposition, energy audit, energy consumption, EPBT, ISO50002.

In this study, the diatomaceous earth (DE) from Aceh Province was used to increase the reactivity of Ca(OH)2 sorbent. The high silica (SiO2) content of about 97% in the DE allows enhancing the reactivity of Ca(OH)2 sorbent by forming calcium silicate hydrate (CSH). The CSH improved the porosity characteristic of the sorbent. The improvement process was performed by mixing Ca(OH)2 sorbent, DE and water in a beaker glass at the Ca(OH)2/DE weight ratio of 1:10 for 2 hours, then dried at 120oC for 24 h. The dried sorbent was calcined at 500oC and 800oC for 2 hours. The activated sorbent was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for the morphological properties; X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for the materials characteristics. The adsorption capacity of the sorbent was examined by methylene blue adsorption. The results showed that the Ca(OH)2/DE sorbent had a higher porosity than the Ca(OH)2 sorbent. The results also showed that Ca(OH)2/DE which was calcined at higher temperature of 800°C had a higher adsorption capacity compared to one which was calcined at lower temperature of 500oC.

KEY WORD: Diatomaceous earth, reactivity, Ca(OH)2 sorbent, calcium silicate hydrate, adsorption capacity

Rutin is a flavonol glycoside containing quercetin and the rutinose. Rutin exert a wide range of biological benefits for human being. However, it is poorly absorbed by small intestine and most reaches the colon. Human gut bacteria play important role in biotransformation of rutin to quercetin. The biological activities of flavonoids and their metabolic roleafter consumption depends on their chemical structure and absorption. For instance, quercetin is the aglycone form of rutin with higher bioavailability,absorption in small intestine than rutin. The microbial biotransformation not only improves biological activities of plant glycosides but also improves their bioavailability. Gut microbiota was shown to improve rutin colonic absorption after its hydrolysis by β-glucosidase and α-l-rhamnosidase.The aim of the present review is to give updates on biological properties of rutin, biotransformation of rutin to quercetin by gut bacteria strains and its effect on rutinbioavailability.

KEY WORD: Bioavailability, microbial biotransformation, rutin, quercetin

The As the computer processing power is being improved, the size of data is being increased. One of the most powerful recent enhancements is that of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). In last years, almost mesh operations and GPU have become linked issues. In fact, the mesh partitioning and GPU are used in several computer graphics applications. In this paper, we present an efficient GPU-based algorithm for partitioning large-scale 3D meshes. The proposed algorithm is called "Closed Continuous Visible Domain (CCVD)" where the processing time, quality and balancing between the parts are our objectives. The partitioning process is parallelized on GPU, and we have evaluated the performance of the proposed algorithm on various large benchmarks. Several experiments have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm using the Princeton benchmarking. Practically, final results quality is better than the common methods, besides those sub-parts are near to the human Perception. Finally, the execution time of the proposed GPU-based CCVD partitioning is reduced by approximately 40% of CPU time

KEY WORD: GPGPU, 3D Mesh Partitioning

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the papers published on emotional intelligence in education scientific disciplines and to analyse the characteristics of these papers. Methods and materials: The researcher listedall the papers published on "emotional intelligence" topic in education scientific disciplines without a time limit by searching the Social Sciences Citation Index database. Web of Science categories were restricted to "education, educational research", "education scientific disciplines", "psychology educational", and "education special". These paperswere reviewed by the researcher according to a few criteria such as citations, organizations, article types, authors, country of origin, journal titles, and research areas............

KEY WORD: Emotional intelligence, bibliometric analysis, citation analysis.

Classification plays a vital role in many information management and retrieval tasks. This paper studies classification of text document. Text classification is a supervised technique that uses labeled training data to learn the classification system and then automatically classifies the remaining text using the learned system. In this paper, we propose a mining model consists of sentence-based concept analysis, document-based concept analysis, and corpus-based concept-analysis. Then we analyze the term that contributes to the sentence semantics on the sentence, document, and corpus levels rather than the traditional analysis of the document only. After extracting feature vector for each new document, feature selection is performed. It is then followed by K-Nearest Neighbour classification. The approach enhances the text classification accuracy. We define architecture that supports processing of a range of declaratively-specified KDT problems, using such general services.

KEY WORD: Concept Analysis, Feature Selection, Feature Vector, K-Nearest Neighbor, Supervised, Text Classification, KDT

This study presents an ensemble of predictive models with a focus on the predictive capabilities of Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART). Predictions are made for Modulus of Rupture (MOR) andTensileStrength(IB or Internal Bond) from a wood compositesmanufacturing process for three product types. Given the large number of predictor variables from the process, variable preselection was used prior to model development. Several regression methods including multiple linear regression, partial least squares regression, neural networks, regression trees, boosted trees, and bootstrap forest are compared with BART.BART had the best predictiveperformance in validation unanimously for bothMORand IBfor all three products examined. Bootstrap forest validation results were very similar to BART for one of the products..............

KEY WORD: Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART), manufacturing, predictive models

This paper presents molecular interaction studies of binary solutions of n-butyl acetate and isopropanol over the temperature range from 305K to 320 K at atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volume (Vm E) and deviation in viscosity (Δη) were calculated using experimental density and viscosity data of binary solutions studied. Breaking of hydrogen bond of isopropanol molecules by the addition of ester leads to positive excess molar volume and negative deviation in viscosity contribute to weak dipole-dipole interaction and dispersion forces. Positive excess molar volume and negative deviation in viscosity are fitted in Redlich-Kister polynomial equation to validate the correctness of the experimental value. It is observed that excess molar volume increases with increasing temperature and it may be ascribable to dispersion forces. Experimental and calculated quantities used to interpret concerning possible molecular interactions in binary solutions of ester and isopropanol.

KEY WORD: Binary solution, Densities, deviation in viscosity, molecular interaction, viscosity, Redlich-Kister.

C-Phycocyanin is a natural blue dye used in food and pharmaceutical industry. Phycocyanin (PC) is used to capture light energy for photosynthesis, unique to cyanobacteria. In the present study, a simple and efficient method to extract C-phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis biomass is used. The extractions were carried out by using distilled water, sodium phosphate buffer and sonication. Sodium phosphate buffer is most efficient method for extraction of C-PC in which yield is 0.60±0.04 mg/ml with purity ratio 0.160 ±0.04. Purification of phycocyanin by dialysis was maximum in comparison of crude extract and ammonium sulfate precipitation. In SDS-PAGE analysis, the purified PC showed the presence of two subunit α and β.

KEY WORD: Spirulina; Biomass; Extraction; Purification; C-Phycocyanin.