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Volume 10 ~ Issue 2

Research Article  open access
The vegetable oil production and statistical values in the world
Gülay Baysal
Turkey
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 10 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

The global oilseeds and vegetable oil market have shown a high growth trend in the last thirty years. The increasing demand for oilseeds and vegetable oil in East Asia also led to an increase in global production.In addition, the increase in biofuels has a positive effect on the increase in oilseed production.In addition to the use of oilseeds for food purposes, some of these plants can also be used as additives to flour and other foodstuffs. The wastes generated as a result of processing these products are also considered as feed raw material or additive. The list of oilseed plants in the world consists of soybean, peanut, sunflower, canola (rapeseed), corn, olive, sesame, palm seed, oil flax, safflower, coconut and castor oil plants. This review covers vegetable oil production and statistical evaluations in the world in recent years.

Keywords: The vegetable oils, vegetable oil production, statistical analysis values.


Research Article  open access
A Review Paper on Modelling and Fabrication of Multipurpose Agriculture Machine
Priyanka S, Ravikumar Shankar Kumbar, Somanatha Huddar, Yashas Shetty, Janardhana K
India
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 10 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

Agriculture in India is one of the major occupation, which becomes the backbone of the country, nearly 70% of the people are dependent on agriculture. It is well known about India's population and the way of inheriting the land from ancestor's which is why most of the farmers in India own only a average of two to three acre of land and they are also not economically stable to own tractors for farming once they use traditional method using animals like bullocks, horses and he-buffalo for farming operation that delays the time of cultivation which do not satisfies the need of the country, therefore the fabrication of multipurpose agriculture vehicle helps the Indian farmers to reduce the cost of cultivation and increase the economy of the Indian farming.

KEYWORDS: agriculture machine, chassis frame ,engine110c , rotavator , plougher ,irrigation pump leveler ,hopper.


Research Article  open access
Irreversibility in Quantum Computing and the Relation to Space-Time Crystals
C. H. Wu, Andrew Van Horn
USA
Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 10 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

Experimentally observed space-time crystals are described here as sequences of quantum parallel computing processes which have the appearance of reversible computing in each sequence. We present here a quantum system consisting of an entangled atomic chain modeled in a deterministic cellular automaton system to show that the periodic reappearance of an initial computational state does not imply reversibility in the quantum computing system. The origin of this irreversibility is in the waste of half the time steps in generating the observable discrete space-time crystals. This is due to the simultaneous existence of both clockwise and counterclockwise cyclic CA transition rules for the computational states in generating the quantum computing results. Thus we predict that any attempt to observe those individual computational CA sequences will be only half successful even though the value of the periodicity itself can be correctly established. The results shown here are very general for any initial CA configurations composed by those four cyclic computational states, which are linked by a unitary transformation to the four orthogonal electronic states of the atom in each cell to form a string of entangled atoms.

Keywords: Space-Time Crystals, Quantum Computing, Quantum Information


Research Article  open access
Evaluation of Health Risk Associated With Heavy Metals From Silver Coatings of Recharge Cards In Harare
Thulani Ndhlovu, Nichodimus Hokonya

Research Inventy: International Journal of Engineering & Science , Volume 10 ~ Issue 2

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the health risk of the population that consume silver coatings of recharge cards ofmajor telecommunication companies designated as A and B. The silver coatings were scratched using a stainless steel spatula into a beaker and acid digested. Analysis of the samples was done using an ICP-MS to quantify the concentrations of Cr, As, Pb, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn. The concentrations were in the range ND for Cd and As to 28.708ppm for Cu corresponding to recharge cards for company A whereas for B concentration range from not detected for Cd to 72.5073ppm for Cu.EDI values ranged from (1.65E-6 to 4.25E-9) and (4.17E-6 to 3.82E-10) for all the metals under study from recharge cardsof companies A and B respectively.EDI values follow the order: Cu > Zn > Mn > Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd = As for company A and Cu > Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Pb > As > Cd for company B. The hazard index of the metals under study wasbelow one for the two companies indicating that the exposure to these metals is not harmful to health.

Keywords: Estimated daily intake, health risk assessment, metal, hazard index, silver coatings