Manuscript Id	::	13032
Manuscript Type	::	Research
Manuscript Title	::	An Overview of the Liquefaction of Fine Grained Soils
Country	::	Lucknow (U.P) India
Authors	::	Jamshaid A. Khan|| Sabih Ahmad|| Meraj A. Khan|| M. Z. Khan
Pages No.	::	01-02
Paper Index	::	: 07.4721/0111001002
Full PDF	::

This paper reviews the current status of knowledge regarding liquefaction of soils containing fines based on the theoretical and experiments studies conducted so far. It is well established that the criteria for assessment of liquefaction potential of coarse grained soil is entirely different than that of fine grained soils. However, fine grained soil viz. silt and clays also behave differently which is attributed to their individual plasticity index or the plasticity index of the mixture. It has been found that the liquefaction susceptibility of silts shows a noticeable change in its liquefaction with change in plasticity index. For a PI range of 2-4%, the liquefaction resistance of silt was found to decrease with an increase in plasticity.

Key words:  Cyclic Stress ratio, Standard Penetration Test, Cone Penetration Test, Plasticity index,

[1]. Youd T.L., Idriss, I.M., Andrus, Ronald D., Arango, I., Castro, G., Christian, J.T.,Dobry, Finn, W.D.L., Harder,
[2]. L.F., Haymes, M.E., Ishihara, K., Koester, J.P., Liao, S.S.C., Marcusson , W.F., Martin, G.R., Mitchell, J.K., Moriwaki, Y, Power, M.C., Robertson, P.K., Seed, R.B. and Stokoe, K.H. (2001) "Liquefaction Resistance of Soils: Summary Report from the 1996 NCEER and 1998 NCEER/NSF Workshops on Evaluation of Liquefaction Resistance of Soils, Journal of Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 127, No. 10, pp 817- 833
[3]. Kishida, H.(1969) "Characteristics of Liquefied Sands during Mino-Owari, Tohnankai, and Fukui Earthquakes". Soils and Foundations, 9(1): 75-92.
[4]. Seed H.B. and Idriss, I.M. and I. Arango (1983). "Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential using Field PerformanceDdata." Journal of Geotechnical Engg, ASCE, 109(3); 458-482
[5]. Seed H.B., Tokimatsu, K., , L.F., and Chung, R. (1985), "Influence of SPT Procedures in Soil Liquefaction Resistance Evaluations" J. Geotechnical Engg., ASCE, 111(12), 861-878
[6]. Wang, W. (1979) "Some Findings in Soil Liquefaction" Report Water Conservancy and Hydro-electric Power Scientific Research Institute, Beijing, China, 1-17
[7]. Ishihara, K., and Koseki, J. (1989) "Cyclic Shear Strength of Fines-Containing Sands". Earthquake and Geotechnical. Engrg., Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Tokyo, 101-106

Manuscript Id	::	14018
Manuscript Type	::	Research
Manuscript Title	::	Characteristic Foundry Properties of Kaduna River Sand
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	T.N. Guma
Pages No.	::	03-08
Paper Index	::	: 07.4721/0111003008
Full PDF	::

Kaduna is one of the foremost cities of growing economic activities in Nigeria. A lot of sand casting businesses whose overall economic importance is noteworthy, has been at various levels of undertaking in the city. The sand-cast products include domestic items such as pots, industrial parts, customized parts etc. The moulding sand is procured in close vicinity to the banks of river Kaduna and used green. A field survey of the cast products shows that they are generally of good and appreciative quality but basic information on the sand usage for optimal profitability with it is not documented. Optimum foundry production cannot be achieved without proper foundry practice and research. In this paper, a laboratory investigation of four critical foundry properties; green strength, dry strength, green permeability, and hardness of unmodified samples of the sand is presented. Its permeability compares favourably with the established practical values required for casting some of the common metals. The hardness of the sand is higher when its moisture content is low. The sand is weak in strength and does not meet the practical value for casting heavy metals. It is however found to be a cheap source of dependable moulding sand that can be easily controlled to yield particular practical foundry requirements for casting different types of metal in the city. The paper is intended to disseminate information on the sand for application interest of any corporate organization, individual, practitioner, researcher, student, and the general public.

Keywords –   Casting, Kaduna river sand, use, desirable properties, profitability.

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Manuscript Id	::	13068
Manuscript Type	::	Research
Manuscript Title	::	Polyaniline-SbO2 Composites: Preparation, Characterization and a c conductivity Study
Country	::	Karanataka, India
Authors	::	Shankarananda|| Arunkumar Lagashetty||Sangshetty.Kalyani
Pages No.	::	09-13
Paper Index	::	: 07.4721/0111009013
Full PDF	::

Polymeric materials containing metal oxide particles constitute a new class of polymer composites materials. Chemical oxidation of aniline is carried out for polyaniline (PANI) and SbO2 inserted PANI (PANI- SbO2) composite material. Varied weight percentage of SbO2 in PANI constitutes different PANI- SbO2 composite materials to know detailed changes. Pure SbO2 and prepared PANI composites were characterized by various characterization tools. Structural changes of SbO2 and composite materials were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) tool, morphological study by Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) tool and bonding changes was observed by Infrared (IR) study. Structural, morphology and bonding variation is observed in PANI- SbO2 composite materials compared to pure oxide and PANI samples. Dielectric study of the composite materials is undertaken for its dielectric behavior. The study shows the variation of the dielectric behavior for different weight percentage composite materials

Key words:   Polymeric materials, Oxidation, Dielectric, SEM, XRD, IR, SbO2

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Although wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been extensively researched, their deployment is
still a main concern. In this paper, we show that the address assignment scheme defined by ZigBee will perform
poorly in terms of address utilization. This paper makes contribution is that we show that the Automatic
Address Assignment. We thus propose Simple, Efficient. systematically formation of path connected cluster and
Automatic Address Assignment for Wireless Sensor Network.

Keywords:   Automatic Address assignment, Wireless Sensor Network, ZigBee.

[1] F. Salvadori, M. de Campos, P. S. Sausen, R. F. de Camargo, C. Gehrke,C. Rech, M. A. Spohn, and A. C. Oliveira, "Monitoring in industrial systems using wireless sensor network with dynamic power management,"IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 58, no. 9, pp. 3104–3111, Sep. 2009.
[2] C.-T. Cheng, C. K. Tse, and F. C. M. Lau, "A clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks based on social insect colonies," IEEE Sensors J., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 711–721, Mar. 2011.
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[8] Design and Construction of a Wildfire Instrumentation System Using Networked Sensors [Online]. Available: http://firebug.sourceforge.net/
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[10] Z. Sun, P. Wang, M. C. Vuran, M. A. Al-Rodhaan, A. M. Al-Dhelaan, and I. F. Akyildiz, "MISE-PIPE: Magnetic induction-based wireless sensor networks for underground pipeline monitoring," Ad Hoc Netw., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 218–227, 2011.

Firstly, two new kinds of Kronecker decompositions is developed, i.e. KPGD and KPID; Secondly,
the sufficient and necessary conditions and algorithms of Kronecker product(KPD), KPGD, and KPID are
discussed; At last, some useful properties of the rank of the sum of Kronecker product gemel decompositions are
obtained.

Keywords –  product decomposition, gemel decomposition, isomer decomposition, rank, dimensionality reduction. MSC: 65L09,65Y04,15A69.

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[1] R. Agrawal, T. Imielinski, and A. Swami. Mining Association Rules between Sets of Items in Large Databases. Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pages 207—216, May 1993.
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Data mining application in agriculture is relatively a new approach for predicting agricultural crop productivity. This paper provides an expert system about agriculture which helps the farmer to cultivate the crops for high yield and giving awareness about the organic farming. This expert system contains three sections namely training, best combination for cultivation and awareness of organic farming. The training section gives basic needs of agriculture. The second section is about predicting the best combination for high yield in the crop cultivation. The third section gives awareness to farmers about organic farming. This system helps a new farmer to query his clarifications related to agriculture for better yield before cultivation.

Key Words:   Expert system – Data Mining – Classification – Decision Tree – Training – Testing.

[1] PhilomineRoseline,"Design and Development of Fuzzy Expert System for Integrated Disease Management in Finger Millets" International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 56– No.1, October 2012
[2] Xinxing Li, Lingxian Zhang," The corn disease remote diagnostic system in China" Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol.10 (1): 617-620. 2012.
[3]. Prof. Chandrakanth. Biradar," An Statistical Based Agriculture Data Analysis" International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2012).
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[5]. S.Veenadhari, Dr.BharatMishra,"Soybean Productivity Modelling using Decision Tree Algorithms" International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 27– No.7, August 2011
[6]. Kym Anderson and Anna Strutt Agriculture and Food Security in Asia by 2030
[7]. Puja Shrivastava," Implementation of an Expert System as Spiritual Guru for Personality Development" International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering, Vol.3, No.1, February, 2011,1793-8201

This paper deals with the design and implementation of an Integrated Fuzzy Logic Controller (IFLC) for temperature control in greenhouse. The proposed controller employs an architecture that is an integration of Fuzzy logic and PID controller. The controller can handle two inputs, two outputs and 27 fuzzy rules. The PWM outputs were generated to control the temperature according to the set point value.

Key Words:   Digital PID, FLC, Fuzzy Logic, IFLC, Integrated Fuzzy Logic

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The recently noticed dipolar nature of convection on either side of Indian Ocean called EQUINOO is subjected to more observations and analysis to understand its effect on ISMR between the period from 1950-2005. The positive phase of EQUINOO with increased cloud on the western side of Indian Ocean accompanied with dominating easterly wind anomaly found to affect ISMR strength positively and the reverse conditions leads to negative results. The floods and droughts go well with EQUINOO incidents but normal monsoon do not display equal uniformity with EQUINOO affect. It is not binding that the positive neither negative phase of this phenomena should show expected results when it co-occur with similar big oceanic or atmospheric oscillations. The ambiguity about the origin of EQUINOO if removed throwing more light into IOD EQUINOO connection and proper parameterization of the issue may perhaps wide open the arena for inclusion of EQUINOO for predictive purposes, model studies and disaster management etc. The work analyze the scenario of ISMR, EQUINOO and ENSO from 1950-2005 and try to understand how it complement and contradict each other and the conditions leading to it. After 1995 the El Nino effect on ISMR has gradually decreased and the paper studies in detail the effect of ENSO on ISMR for long 55 years. The SST, zonal wind and OLR anomalies of individual EQUINOO years are cross checked and their composites are also drawn. The paper also checks the validity of the index used for measuring EQUINOO strength. It emphasizes the necessity of developing an OLR index for better assessment of this oscillation. Zonal wind observation on EQUINOO region during the pre-monsoon month can leave good clue about the performance of forthcoming monsoon season claims the work.

Key Words:   monsoon, ENSO, index, SST, Equatorial Indian Ocean Oscillation.

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